Focus Area: Personal AI agent and robot systems
This ontology provides citation-quality definitions for 15 foundational terms, backed by authoritative sources from standards bodies (NIST, W3C, IETF, OASIS, ISO) and peer-reviewed research.
Technical Glossary
An AI system deployed on behalf of an individual user to execute tasks, manage information, and interact with external services autonomously on that user's behalf, operating within boundaries defined by the user's preferences, privacy settings, and delegated authority. Personal agents differ from enterprise agents in that they are configured and governed primarily by the individual rather than by an organizational policy framework, placing greater responsibility on the user for defining acceptable agent behavior. The design of personal agents must prioritize user control, data minimization, and transparent action disclosure to support user autonomy and trust.
The process of configuring an AI agent's behavior, communication style, knowledge priorities, and task handling preferences to align with a specific user's individual characteristics, goals, and operational context, producing an agent that operates more effectively and naturally for that user than a generic default configuration would. Personalization must be grounded in explicit user preferences rather than inferred solely from behavioral data, ensuring that users retain awareness and control over how their agent is configured. Personalization data must be protected as sensitive personal information, with user-accessible controls for reviewing, modifying, and deleting stored preferences.
The structured mechanism through which a personal AI agent user specifies the scope of authority granted to their agent, defining which actions the agent may take autonomously, which require user confirmation, and which are categorically prohibited regardless of instruction. Delegation frameworks must support granular, context-sensitive permission specifications that reflect the actual risk profile of different action categories in the user's personal workflow. Framework implementations must enforce delegation boundaries at execution time and must surface clear notifications when the agent encounters a task that falls outside its delegated authority.
An integrated hardware-software system that combines physical actuation capabilities with AI agent reasoning to enable autonomous task execution in the physical world, allowing the agent to perceive its environment through sensors, make decisions based on AI models, and take physical actions through actuators in response to user instructions or environmental triggers. Robotic agent platforms for personal use must implement safety mechanisms that prevent physical harm to users, bystanders, and property under both normal operation and failure conditions. Platform design must support remote monitoring and emergency stop capabilities accessible to the user regardless of the agent's current task state.
The capability of a personal AI agent to observe user behaviors, feedback signals, and explicit corrections over time and update its operational parameters to better align with the user's evolving preferences and priorities, reducing the burden of explicit configuration as the agent accumulates operational experience. Preference learning must be transparent, with the agent communicating to the user what preferences it has inferred and providing accessible mechanisms to review, approve, reject, or override learned preferences. Learning processes must be bounded to prevent agents from inferring and acting on preferences the user has not implicitly endorsed through deliberate behavior.
The principle that an individual user retains ultimate ownership and control over all personal data held by and generated through interactions with their personal AI agent, including the right to inspect, export, correct, restrict, and delete any stored information without requiring technical intermediaries. Personal data sovereignty is a foundational design requirement for trustworthy personal agent systems, distinguishing them from data-harvesting platforms that treat user-generated data as a commercial asset. Agent architectures must implement data sovereignty controls at the storage, processing, and sharing layers to ensure the principle is enforceable rather than merely aspirational.
A user-defined configuration specifying the categories of recurring tasks that a personal AI agent is authorized to execute autonomously, the conditions under which each automation is triggered, the data sources the agent may access to fulfill each automated task, and the notification preferences governing how the user is informed of automated actions taken. Task automation profiles must be presented to users in plain language with clear explanations of what the agent will do autonomously, avoiding technical jargon that could obscure the scope of the delegated authority. Profile configurations must be revisable by the user at any time, with changes taking effect immediately without requiring agent redeployment.
The durable record of all interactions between a user and their personal AI agent, including tasks requested, actions taken, decisions made, feedback provided, and preferences updated, stored in a user-accessible format that enables the user to review the agent's activity, audit its decisions, and understand the basis of its behavior over time. Interaction history supports accountability and trust by making the agent's operational record transparent to the user who delegated authority to it. History retention policies must balance the operational utility of long-term context against the privacy risks of accumulating detailed personal behavioral records.
The capability of a personal AI agent to integrate information from the user's current environment — including location, calendar, active applications, communication context, and recent activities — into its reasoning and task planning, enabling the agent to provide contextually relevant assistance without requiring the user to explicitly re-state situational context in each interaction. Contextual awareness systems must implement strict data minimization, collecting only the environmental signals necessary for the current task and discarding context data promptly after use. Users must have clear, accessible controls to pause or restrict contextual sensing when they require privacy or when contextual integration is not desired.
The set of design requirements, behavioral constraints, and fail-safe mechanisms that ensure a physically instantiated AI agent — such as a personal robot — cannot cause harm to people, animals, or property through its actions, whether under normal operation, unexpected environmental conditions, or system failure. Embodied agent safety requires layered protection mechanisms, including pre-execution action planning checks, real-time execution monitoring, hardware-level emergency stops, and post-incident logging. Safety mechanisms must be designed to fail safely — defaulting to inaction rather than continued execution — when the agent's sensors, reasoning, or actuation systems produce unexpected outputs.
The capability of a personal AI agent to receive inputs and deliver outputs through multiple sensory and communication modalities — including voice, text, gesture, visual display, and haptic feedback — adapting its interaction mode to the user's current context, accessibility needs, and preference settings. Multi-modal interaction reduces the friction of agent use by enabling natural engagement across diverse situational contexts, from hands-free voice interaction while driving to precise text-based task specification during focused work. Modality selection must respect user accessibility requirements, with all critical agent capabilities accessible through at least one modality that is compatible with each user's sensory and motor abilities.
The user-accessible settings and technical enforcement mechanisms that govern what personal information a personal AI agent may collect, retain, share with third-party services, and use for its own model updates, ensuring users can define and enforce boundaries around their agent's data access in alignment with their personal privacy preferences. Privacy controls must be presented through clear, accessible interfaces that enable meaningful user choices rather than burying privacy-relevant settings in technical configuration menus. Control changes must take effect immediately, with clear confirmation to the user and automatic purging of any data whose retention is no longer authorized by the updated settings.
The capability of a personal AI agent to complete multi-step tasks from start to finish without requiring user input at each step, planning the task's subtasks, sequencing them in the appropriate order, invoking the required tools and services, handling intermediate errors, and delivering a completed result to the user. Autonomous execution must be bounded by the user's delegation framework, with the agent pausing for confirmation when task execution requires actions outside its authorized scope. The agent must provide the user with a clear summary of the actions taken upon task completion, supporting the user's ability to review and audit automated behavior.
A user-specific structured store maintained by a personal AI agent that accumulates facts, preferences, relationships, and contextual knowledge relevant to the user's personal and professional life, enabling the agent to provide more informed, personalized assistance across diverse tasks without requiring the user to repeatedly provide the same background information. Personal knowledge bases must be managed with strict access controls, ensuring that stored personal information is only used to assist the user who owns it and is not shared with other users, agents, or third-party services without explicit consent. Users must have full visibility into and control over the contents of their personal knowledge base, including the ability to review, correct, and delete specific entries.
The process by which a personal AI agent user establishes and refines their level of confidence in their agent's judgment across different task categories, adjusting delegation permissions based on the agent's demonstrated performance and the user's evolving understanding of its capabilities and limitations. Trust calibration is an ongoing process rather than a one-time configuration event, requiring the agent to provide consistent transparency about its actions, confidence levels, and reasoning to give the user the information needed to make informed trust adjustment decisions. Over-trust — granting the agent authority beyond what its reliability warrants — is as problematic as under-trust, potentially leading to harmful autonomous actions without sufficient user oversight.